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KMID : 1037120220400020208
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The World Journal of Men′s Health
2022 Volume.40 No. 2 p.208 ~ p.216
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A Comprehensive Guide to Sperm Recovery in Infertile Men with Retrograde Ejaculation
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Gupta Sajal
Sharma Rakesh
Agarwal Ashok
Parekh Neel
Finelli Renata
Shah Rupin
Kandil Hussein
Saleh Ramadan
Arafa Mohamed
Ko Edmund
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Abstract
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Retrograde ejaculation (RE) is a condition defined as the backward flow of the semen during ejaculation, and when present can result in male infertility. RE may be partial or complete, resulting in either low seminal volume or complete absence of the ejaculate (dry ejaculate). RE can result from anatomic, neurological or pharmacological conditions. The treatment approaches outlined are determined by the cause. Alkalinizing urinary pH with oral medications or by adding sperm wash media into the bladder prior to ejaculation may preserve the viability of the sperm. This article provides a step-by-step guide to diagnose RE and the optimal techniques to retrieve sperm.
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KEYWORD
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Ejaculation, Infertility, male, Sperm count
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